In suspected anaphylaxis, which route is commonly used for administration of epinephrine?

• A. Intramuscular
• B. Intravenous
• C. Subcutaneous
• D. Oral

Answer: (A)

In suspected anaphylaxis, giving epinephrine quickly is lifesaving because it reverses airway swelling, bronchoconstriction, and hypotension through its alpha- and beta-adrenergic effects. The intramuscular route, especially into the mid-outer thigh, provides the fastest and most reliable absorption in an emergency setting. It delivers a strong and predictable effect without the technical challenges and higher risk of complications that come with intravenous administration in non-monitoring situations. Subcutaneous injection is slower and less reliable when perfusion is poor, which can happen during anaphylaxis. Oral administration isn’t effective for acute treatment due to poor and unpredictable absorption, and intravenous administration is reserved for controlled, monitored hospital settings because it carries a higher risk of rapid, dangerous changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Typical practice uses a 1:1000 epinephrine solution given intramuscularly (adult dose commonly around 0.3–0.5 mg, with dosing adjusted for children by weight), repeated if symptoms persist and EMS or medical care is not immediately available.