What is the normal adult hemoglobin range for females?

• A. 11-13 g/dL
• B. 14-18 g/dL
• C. 10-12 g/dL
• D. 12-16 g/dL

Answer: (D)

Normal adult female hemoglobin is typically in the 12 to 16 g/dL range. Hemoglobin carries oxygen in red blood cells, and this range reflects the typical balance seen in healthy adult women, influenced by factors like menstruation and hormones that affect red-cell production. Among the options, 12–16 g/dL fits the standard reference for women, while 11–13 g/dL would frequently be considered low-normal or borderline anemic, 14–18 g/dL is more aligned with male ranges and can exceed what is normal for many women, and 10–12 g/dL ends at 12, missing many normal values above that. So 12–16 g/dL best represents the normal range for adult females.